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Fiber NA Calculator

Calculate numerical aperture, acceptance angle, and relative index difference for optical fibers from core and cladding refractive indices.

Numerical aperture (NA) of an optical fiber describes its light-gathering ability — specifically, the maximum cone half-angle of light that will be guided by total internal reflection. NA = √(n₁² − n₂²), where n₁ is the core index and n₂ is the cladding index. A higher NA accepts a wider cone of input light but supports more guided modes and typically has greater chromatic dispersion. This calculator derives NA, acceptance half-angle, and relative index difference Δ from core and cladding refractive indices. Presets are provided for common single-mode, multimode, and polarization-maintaining fiber types. Use this tool when matching a launch objective to a fiber or evaluating coupling efficiency.

Fiber Preset
Refractive Indices
Numerical Aperture
NA
0.1246
Weakly guiding approx NA
n₁√(2Δ)
0.1248
Acceptance Angle
Half-angle θₐ
7.16°
Full cone angle
14.32°
Index Difference
Relative index Δ
0.00361
Abridged Optics — Fiber NA Calculator v1.0NA = √(n₁² − n₂²). θₐ = arcsin(NA). Δ = (n₁ − n₂)/n₁.

All information, equations, and calculations have been compiled and verified to the best of our ability. For mission-critical applications, we recommend independent verification of all values. If you find an error, please let us know.